.40 S&W

Pistol Also: .40 Smith & Wesson

Developed as a compromise between 9mm capacity and .45 ACP stopping power. Adopted by the FBI after the 1986 Miami shootout. Snappier recoil than 9mm. Declining in popularity as modern 9mm loads close the performance gap.

Best For

Self Defense Law Enforcement Competition

Ballistics (Typical Factory Load)

1,100
Muzzle Velocity
fps
435
Muzzle Energy
ft-lbs
165
Typical Bullet
grains
10.0
Bullet Diameter
mm
0.137
Ballistic Coeff.
G1 BC
35,000
Max Pressure
PSI
21.62
Case Length
mm

🔧 Handloading Data

Reference load data for experienced reloaders. Always start at the start charge and work up. Consult official manuals before loading.

Bullet Powder Start Max Velocity COAL Source
180 gr (11.7 g) JHP Hodgdon Longshot 6.8 gr
0.44 g
7.8 gr
0.51 g
1,080 fps 1.125" Hodgdon
165 gr (10.7 g) FMJ Alliant Power Pistol 6.5 gr
0.42 g
7.3 gr
0.47 g
1,050 fps 1.125" Hodgdon
155 gr (10.0 g) JHP Hodgdon CFE Pistol 7.2 gr
0.47 g
8.0 gr
0.52 g
1,150 fps 1.125" Hodgdon

📐 Measurement Guide for Reloaders

Powder Charge

Measured in grains (1 grain ≈ 0.065 grams) using precision digital or mechanical scales. Maintaining strict powder weight is crucial for safety and velocity consistency.

Cartridge Overall Length (COAL)

Total length from case base to bullet tip. Checked with digital calipers. Must be within manufacturer's specified range to fit and feed from your firearm's magazine.

Cartridge Base to Ogive (CBTO)

Precision shooters measure to the ogive — the curved part of the bullet that first contacts the rifling — for more accurate bullet seating depth and consistency.

Case Length & Headspace

Brass stretches with firing. Measure case length to know when to trim. Use headspace comparators to check shoulder bump-back during sizing.

Neck Tension

The grip the brass has on the bullet. Measured with ball micrometers by comparing neck wall thickness before and after bullet seating.

Pressure Signs

Inspect fired brass for over-pressure: flattened primers, ejector marks, case head expansion. If unsure, reduce charge and consult your load manual.

⚠️ Always consult established reloading manuals (Hodgdon, Hornady, Lyman) for your specific bullet and powder combinations. For experienced reloaders only.

Technical Specifications

Bullet Diameter10.0 mm
Case Length21.62 mm
Max Chamber Pressure35,000 PSI
TypePistol

Compatible Firearms (43)

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